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Harwich (UK Parliament constituency)

Coordinates: 51°52′N 1°14′E / 51.86°N 1.24°E / 51.86; 1.24
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Harwich
Former county constituency
for the House of Commons
Outline map
Boundary of Harwich in Essex in 2005.
Outline map
Location of Essex within England.
CountyEssex
1885–2010
Seatsone
Created fromHarwich (Parliamentary Borough), East Essex
Replaced byClacton, Harwich and North Essex
1604–1885
SeatsTwo to 1868, one from 1868 to 1885
Type of constituencyBorough constituency
Replaced byHarwich (County constituency)

Harwich /ˈhærɪtʃ/ was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until its abolition for the 2010 general election.

History

[edit]

The Parliamentary Borough of Harwich had sent two members to the Parliament of England since it was founded in 1604[1] until 1707, then to the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and to the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801. Under the Reform Act of 1867 its representation was reduced to one,[2] and in 1885 the Parliamentary Borough was abolished and replaced with a Division of the County of Essex (later a County Constituency) under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885.[3] For a long period of time it was known as a "Treasury borough" due to the control the Treasury had over its elections.[4]

The constituency was abolished for the 2010 general election by the Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, being succeeded by the new constituency of Clacton and part of the new constituency of Harwich and North Essex.

Boundaries and boundary changes

[edit]

1885–1918

[edit]
  • The Municipal Borough of Harwich; and
  • Parts of the Sessional Divisions of Lexden and Winstree.

Non-resident freeholders of the Parliamentary Borough of Colchester, which constituted the Municipal Borough thereof, were also entitled to vote.[3]

Formally known as the North Eastern or Harwich Division of Essex, incorporating the abolished Parliamentary Borough of Harwich and extending southwards and westwards to include the towns of Clacton and Brightlingsea and the rural areas surrounding Colchester.

Harwich in Essex, 1918-83

1918–1950

[edit]
  • The Municipal Borough of Harwich;
  • The Urban Districts of Brightlingsea, Clacton, Frinton-on-Sea, Walton-on-the-Naze, and Wivenhoe; and
  • The Rural District of Tendring.[5]

Western, rural areas now included in the new Colchester Division of Essex.

1950–1983

[edit]
  • The Municipal Borough of Harwich;
  • The Urban Districts of Brightlingsea, Clacton, Frinton and Walton, and Wivenhoe; and
  • The Rural District of Tendring.[5][6]

No changes. (The Urban Districts of Frinton-on-Sea and Walton-on-the-Naze had been merged).

1983–1997

[edit]
  • The District of Tendring wards of Beaumont and Thorpe, Bockings Elm, Bradfield Wrabness and Wix, Frinton, Golf Green, Great and Little Oakley, Harwich East, Harwich East Central, Harwich West, Harwich West Central, Haven, Holland and Kirby, Little Clacton, Ramsey, Rush Green, Southcliff, St Bartholomew's, St James, St John's, St Mary's, St Osyth, Tendring and Weeley, and Walton.[7]

Western parts, including Brightlingsea and Wivenhoe, included in the new constituency of North Colchester.

1997–2010

[edit]
  • The District of Tendring wards of Beaumont and Thorpe, Bockings Elm, Frinton, Golf Green, Great and Little Oakley, Harwich East, Harwich East Central, Harwich West, Harwich West Central, Haven, Holland and Kirby, Little Clacton, Ramsey, Rush Green, St Bartholomew's, St James, St John's, St Mary's, Southcliff, and Walton.[8]

A further western slice, including St Osyth, added to the new constituency of North Essex (which had largely succeeded North Colchester).

Following the Boundary Commission's Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, Parliament radically altered some constituencies and created new ones to allow for changes in population. Consequently, the constituency of Harwich was abolished. The majority of the constituency, including Clacton, Frinton and Walton, formed the new constituency of Clacton, and Harwich and surrounding areas were included in the new constituency of Harwich and North Essex.

Members of Parliament

[edit]

Constituency founded 1604

1604 to 1660

[edit]
Parliament First member Second member
1604 Richard Browne Thomas Trevor
1605 John Panton
1614 Sir Harbottle Grimston Sir Robert Mansell
1614 (Apr) Sir Charles Montagu
1620 Sir Thomas Cheek Edward Grimston
1624 Sir Nathaniel Rich Christopher Herrys
1625 Sir Edmund Sawyer Christopher Herrys
1626 Sir Nathaniel Rich Christopher Herrys
1628–1629 Sir Nathaniel Rich Christopher Herrys
1629–1640 No Parliaments convened
1640 (Apr) Sir Thomas Cheek Sir John Jacob, 1st Baronet
1640 (Nov) Sir Harbottle Grimston, 1st Baronet Sir Thomas Cheek
1645 Sir Harbottle Grimston, 1st Baronet, died
replaced 1647 by Harbottle Grimston, 2nd Baronet
who was secluded Dec 1648 in Pride's Purge		 Sir Thomas Cheek
1648 Sir Thomas Cheek Capel Luckyn
1653 Harwich not represented in Barebone's Parliament
1654 Harwich not represented in First Protectorate Parliament
1656 Harwich not represented in Second Protectorate Parliament
1659 John Sicklemore Thomas King

1660–1868

[edit]
Year First member[9] First party Second member[9] Second party
1660 Sir Capel Luckyn, Bt Sir Henry Wright, Bt
1661 Thomas King
1664 Sir Capel Luckyn, Bt
February 1679 Sir Anthony Dean Samuel Pepys
August 1679 Sir Philip Parker, Bt Sir Thomas Middleton
1685 Sir Anthony Dean Samuel Pepys
1689 Sir Thomas Middleton John Eldred
1690 The Viscount Newhaven
1695 Sir Thomas Davall
1698 Samuel Atkinson
1699 Sir Thomas Middleton
1701 Dennis Lydell
1702 John Ellis
May 1708 Sir John Leake Thomas Frankland
December 1708 Kenrick Edisbury
1713 Carew Hervey Mildmay Sir Thomas Davall
May 1714 Thomas Heath
June 1714 Benedict Calvert
1715 Sir Philip Parker-a-Morley-Long, Bt Thomas Heath
1722 Humphrey Parsons
1727 John Perceval
1734 Carteret Leathes Charles Stanhope
1741 John Phillipson Hill Mussenden
1747 Edward Coke
1753 Wenman Coke
1756 William Ponsonby
1758 Thomas Sewell
1761 Charles Townshend John Roberts
1767 Thomas Bradshaw
1768 Edward Harvey
1772 Charles Jenkinson
1774 John Robinson
1778 George North
1784 Thomas Orde Tory
1796 Richard Hopkins
1799 Henry Dillon-Lee
1802 Thomas Myers
January 1803 John Hiley Addington Tory[10]
April 1803 James Adams
1806 William Fremantle Tory[10]
March 1807 James Adams
May 1807 William Huskisson Tory[10]
1812 Nicholas Vansittart Tory[10]
1818 Charles Bathurst Tory[10]
1823 George Canning Tory[10] John Charles Herries Tory[10]
1826 Nicholas Conyngham Tindal Tory[10]
1827 Sir William Rae, Bt Tory[10]
1830 George Robert Dawson Tory[10]
1832 Christopher Thomas Tower Whig[10]
1834 Conservative
1835 Francis Robert Bonham Conservative
1837 Alexander Ellice Whig[10][11][12][13]
1841 John Attwood Conservative[10] William Beresford Conservative[10]
1847 Peelite[14][15] John Bagshaw Whig[16][17][18][19][20]
1848 by-election Sir John Hobhouse, Bt Radical[21][22][23][24][25]
March 1851 by-election Henry Thoby Prinsep Conservative
May 1851 by-election Robert Wigram Crawford Whig[26][27]
July 1851 Writ suspended[28]
April 1852 by-election Sir Fitzroy Kelly Conservative
May 1852 by-election Isaac Butt Conservative
July 1852 George Peacocke Conservative David Waddington Conservative
1853 by-election John Bagshaw Whig[16][17][18][19][20]
March 1857 George Drought Warburton Independent Whig[29][30]
December 1857 by-election Robert John Bagshaw Whig
March 1859 by-election Henry Jervis-White-Jervis Conservative
May 1859 Hon. William Campbell Liberal
1860 by-election Richard Rowley Conservative
1865 John Kelk Conservative
1868 Constituency reduced to one member

1868–2010

[edit]
Election Member[9] Party
1868 Representation reduced to one member
1868 Henry Jervis-White-Jervis Conservative
1880 Henry Tyler Conservative
1885 James Round Conservative
1906 Arthur Lever Liberal
1910 Harry Newton Conservative
1922 Albert Hillary Liberal
1924 Sir Frederick Rice Conservative
1929 Sir John Pybus Liberal
1931 Liberal National
1935 Sir Stanley Holmes Liberal National
1954 by-election Julian Ridsdale National Liberal
1968 Conservative
1992 Iain Sproat Conservative
1997 Ivan Henderson Labour
2005 Douglas Carswell Conservative
2010 Constituency abolished: see Clacton and Harwich and North Essex

Elections

[edit]

Elections in the 1830s

[edit]

Herries was appointed Secretary at War, requiring a by-election.[31]

By-election, 10 February 1830: Harwich[10][32]
Party Candidate Votes %
Tory John Charles Herries Unopposed
Registered electors 32
Tory hold
1830 general election: Harwich[10][32]
Party Candidate Votes %
Tory John Charles Herries Unopposed
Tory George Robert Dawson Unopposed
Registered electors 32
Tory hold
Tory hold
1831 general election: Harwich[10][32]
Party Candidate Votes %
Tory John Charles Herries Unopposed
Tory George Robert Dawson Unopposed
Registered electors 32
Tory hold
Tory hold
1832 general election: Harwich[10][33]
Party Candidate Votes %
Tory John Charles Herries 97 26.3
Whig Christopher Thomas Tower 93 25.2
Tory Nicholas Leader 90 24.4
Whig John Disney 89 24.1
Turnout 186 86.9
Registered electors 214
Majority 4 1.1
Tory hold
Majority 3 0.8
Whig gain from Tory
1835 general election: Harwich[10][33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Charles Herries 97 46.2 +19.9
Conservative Francis Robert Bonham 78 37.1 +12.7
Whig Robert Norris Verner 35 16.7 −32.6
Majority 43 20.4 +19.3
Turnout 123 78.8 −8.1
Registered electors 156
Conservative hold Swing +18.1
Conservative gain from Whig Swing +14.5
1837 general election: Harwich[10][33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Charles Herries 75 25.9 −20.3
Whig Alexander Ellice 75 25.9 +17.6
Whig Christopher Thomas Tower 74 25.5 +17.2
Conservative Francis Robert Bonham 66 22.8 −14.3
Turnout 146 90.1 +11.3
Registered electors 162
Majority 0 0.0 −20.4
Conservative hold Swing −18.9
Majority 9 3.1 N/A
Whig gain from Conservative Swing +17.5

Elections in the 1840s

[edit]
1841 general election: Harwich[10][33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Attwood 94 27.2 +1.3
Conservative William Beresford 94 27.2 +4.4
Whig John Bagshaw 84 24.3 −1.6
Whig Denis Le Marchant 73 21.2 −4.3
Majority 10 2.9 +2.9
Turnout 174 93.5 +3.4
Registered electors 186
Conservative hold Swing +2.1
Conservative gain from Whig Swing +3.7
1847 general election: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig John Bagshaw 213 45.9 +0.4
Peelite John Attwood 184 39.7 +12.5
Conservative William Knight[34] 65 14.0 −13.2
Conservative Dudley St Leger Hill[35] 2 0.4 −26.8
Turnout 232 (est) 78.6 (est) −14.9
Registered electors 295
Majority 148 31.9 N/A
Whig gain from Conservative Swing +10.2
Majority 182 39.3 N/A
Peelite gain from Conservative Swing +16.3

Attwood's election was declared void on petition due to bribery by his agents, causing a by-election.[36]

By-election, 1 April 1848: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Radical John Hobhouse 131 50.8 N/A
Conservative John Manners-Sutton[37] 127 49.2 +34.8
Majority 4 1.6 N/A
Turnout 258 87.8 +10.2
Registered electors 294
Radical gain from Peelite Swing

Elections in the 1850s

[edit]

Hobhouse was elevated to the peerage, becoming 1st Baron Broughton and causing a by-election.

By-election, 5 March 1851: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Henry Thoby Prinsep 135 50.9 +36.5
Whig Robert Wigram Crawford 130 49.1 +3.2
Majority 5 1.8 N/A
Turnout 265 91.7 +13.1
Registered electors 289
Conservative gain from Radical Swing +16.7

Prinsep's election was declared void on petition due to bribery, causing a by-election.[38]

By-election, 28 May 1851: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig Robert Wigram Crawford 133 51.2 +5.3
Conservative Henry Thoby Prinsep 127 48.8 +34.4
Majority 6 2.4 N/A
Turnout 260 90.0 +11.4
Registered electors 289
Whig gain from Conservative Swing −14.6

Crawford's election was declared void, due to polling being closed prematurely, and the seat's writ was suspended in July 1851.[28] A by-election was called the next year.

By-election, 10 April 1852: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Fitzroy Kelly Unopposed
Conservative gain from Whig

Kelly resigned to contest a by-election in East Suffolk, causing a by-election.

By-election, 8 May 1852: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Isaac Butt Unopposed
Conservative hold
1852 general election: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Peacocke 135 26.8 +12.8
Conservative David Waddington 134 26.6 +26.2
Whig John Bagshaw 125 24.8 −21.1
Independent Whig George Drought Warburton 110 21.8 New
Majority 9 1.8 N/A
Turnout 252 (est) 92.6 (est) +14.0
Registered electors 272
Conservative gain from Peelite Swing +11.7
Conservative gain from Whig Swing +18.4

Peacocke's election was declared void on petition, due to corrupt practices, causing a by-election.[39]

By-election, 21 June 1853: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig John Bagshaw 140 54.9 +30.1
Conservative William Fraser 115 45.1 −8.3
Majority 25 9.8 N/A
Turnout 255 85.3 −7.3
Registered electors 299
Whig gain from Conservative Swing +19.2
1857 general election: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig John Bagshaw 173 32.6 +7.8
Independent Whig George Drought Warburton 147 27.7 +5.9
Conservative Henry Jervis-White-Jervis 113 21.3 −5.5
Conservative Benjamin Buck Greene[40] 98 18.5 −8.1
Turnout 266 (est) 84.8 (est) −7.8
Registered electors 313
Majority 60 11.3 N/A
Whig gain from Conservative Swing +7.3
Majority 49 9.2 N/A
Ind. Whig gain from Conservative Swing +6.4

Warburton's death caused a by-election.

By-election, 9 December 1857: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig Robert John Bagshaw 162 70.1 +37.5
Independent Whig Andrew Arcedeckne[41][42] 69 29.9 +2.2
Majority 93 40.2 N/A
Turnout 231 73.8 −11.0
Registered electors 313
Whig gain from Ind. Whig

Bagshaw's resignation caused a by-election.

By-election, 18 March 1859: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Henry Jervis-White-Jervis 145 52.0 +12.2
Whig William Campbell 134 48.0 +15.4
Majority 11 4.0 N/A
Turnout 279 83.5 −1.3
Registered electors 334
Conservative gain from Whig Swing −1.6
1859 general election: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Henry Jervis-White-Jervis 156 25.7 +4.4
Liberal William Campbell 155 25.5 −7.1
Conservative Richard Rowley 152 25.0 +6.5
Liberal John Clark Marshman 144 23.7 −4.0
Turnout 304 (est) 90.9 (est) +6.1
Registered electors 334
Majority 12 2.0 N/A
Conservative gain from Ind. Whig Swing N/A
Majority 3 0.5 −4.4
Liberal hold Swing −6.3

Elections in the 1860s

[edit]

Campbell succeeded to the peerage, becoming Lord Stratheden and Campbell, and causing a by-election.

By-election, 24 April 1860: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Richard Rowley 146 55.7 +5.0
Liberal Stuart Donaldson[43] 116 44.3 −4.9
Majority 30 11.4 +9.2
Turnout 262 82.6 −8.3
Registered electors 317
Conservative hold Swing +5.0
General election 1865: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Henry Jervis-White-Jervis 209 35.0 +9.3
Conservative John Kelk 194 32.5 +7.5
Liberal Michael Wills[44] 117 19.6 −5.9
Liberal James Fitzjames Stephen[45] 77 12.9 −10.8
Majority 77 12.9 +10.9
Turnout 299 (est) 77.3 (est) −13.6
Registered electors 386
Conservative hold Swing +8.8
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +7.9

Seat reduced to one member

General election 1868: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Henry Jervis-White-Jervis 328 69.9 −2.4
Liberal David James Jenkins 141 30.1 −2.4
Majority 187 39.8 +26.9
Turnout 469 75.4 −1.9
Registered electors 622
Conservative hold Swing +2.4

Elections in the 1870s

[edit]
General election 1874: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Henry Jervis-White-Jervis Unopposed
Registered electors 712
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1880s

[edit]
General election 1880: Harwich[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Henry Tyler 368 54.3 N/A
Liberal George Tomline[46] 310 45.7 New
Majority 58 8.6 N/A
Turnout 678 89.3 N/A
Registered electors 759
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1885: Harwich[47][48][49]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative James Round 4,584 54.5 +0.2
Liberal James Jackson 3,824 45.5 −0.2
Majority 760 9.0 +0.4
Turnout 8,408 82.9 −6.4
Registered electors 10,141
Conservative hold Swing +0.2
General election 1886: Harwich[47][48]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative James Round 4,623 66.6 +12.1
Liberal James Wicks 2,322 33.4 −12.1
Majority 2,301 33.2 +24.2
Turnout 6,945 68.5 −14.4
Registered electors 10,141
Conservative hold Swing +12.1

Elections in the 1890s

[edit]
Round
General election 1892: Harwich[47][48][50]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative James Round 4,113 51.9 −14.7
Liberal Robert Varty 3,808 48.1 +14.7
Majority 305 3.8 −29.4
Turnout 7,921 72.5 +4.0
Registered electors 10,924
Conservative hold Swing −14.7
General election 1895: Harwich[47][48][51]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative James Round 4,566 63.0 +11.1
Liberal Robert Varty 2,685 37.0 −11.1
Majority 1,881 26.0 +22.2
Turnout 7,251 64.2 −8.3
Registered electors 11,296
Conservative hold Swing +11.1

Elections in the 1900s

[edit]
General election 1900: Harwich[47][48][51]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative James Round Unopposed
Conservative hold
Lever
General election 1906: Harwich[47][48]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Arthur Lever 5,650 51.6 New
Conservative Harry Newton 5,308 48.4 N/A
Majority 342 3.2 N/A
Turnout 10,958 83.4 N/A
Registered electors 13,144
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing N/A

Elections in the 1910s

[edit]
General election January 1910: Harwich[47][52]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Harry Newton 6,757 54.6 +3.0
Liberal Arthur Lever 5,608 45.4 −3.0
Majority 1,149 9.2 +6.0
Turnout 12,365 86.6 +3.2
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +3.0
General election December 1910: Harwich[47][52]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Harry Newton 6,470 56.4 +1.8
Liberal Frank Stapledon Hiley 5,008 43.6 −1.8
Majority 1,462 12.8 +3.6
Turnout 11,478 80.4 −6.2
Conservative hold Swing +1.8

General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

Aylmer Digby
General election 1918: Harwich[53]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
C Unionist Harry Newton 8,261 53.9 −2.5
Liberal Edward Aylmer Digby 7,064 46.1 +2.5
Majority 1,197 7.8 −5.0
Turnout 15,325 55.9 −26.5
Registered electors 27,421
Unionist hold Swing −2.5
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Elections in the 1920s

[edit]
General election 1922: Harwich[53]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Albert Hillary 10,556 51.9 +5.8
Unionist Geoffrey St John Strutt 9,792 48.1 −5.8
Majority 764 3.8 N/A
Turnout 20,348 71.6 +15.7
Registered electors 28,432
Liberal gain from Unionist Swing +5.8
General election 1923: Harwich[53]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Albert Hillary 12,059 54.3 +2.4
Unionist Frederick Rice 10,142 45.7 −2.4
Majority 1,917 8.6 +4.8
Turnout 22,201 76.2 +4.6
Registered electors 29,126
Liberal hold Swing +2.4
General election 1924: Harwich[53]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Frederick Rice 12,219 51.5 +5.8
Liberal Albert Hillary 9,904 41.7 −12.6
Labour Alfred Barton 1,604 6.8 New
Majority 2,315 9.8 N/A
Turnout 23,727 79.0 +2.8
Registered electors 30,047
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing +9.2
General election 1929: Harwich[53]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Pybus 16,309 52.8 +11.1
Unionist John Mayhew 13,609 44.1 −7.4
Ind. Unionist J Elliott 948 3.1 New
Majority 2,700 8.7 N/A
Turnout 30,866 76.3 −2.7
Registered electors 40,478
Liberal gain from Unionist Swing +9.3

Elections in the 1930s

[edit]
General election 1931: Harwich[53]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Liberal John Pybus 26,818 86.4 +33.6
Labour E L McKeag 4,229 13.6 New
Majority 22,589 72.8 +64.1
Turnout 31,047 72.6 −3.7
National Liberal hold Swing
General election 1935: Harwich[53]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Liberal Stanley Holmes 21,716 70.3 −16.1
Labour Ambrose Appelbe 9,170 29.7 +16.1
Majority 12,546 40.6 −32.2
Turnout 30,886 63.9 −8.7
National Liberal hold Swing −16.1

Elections in the 1940s

[edit]

General Election 1939–40: Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected;

General election 1945: Harwich[53]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Liberal Stanley Holmes 16,452 55.7 −14.6
Labour Joseph Hewitt 13,067 44.3 +14.6
Majority 3,385 11.4 −29.2
Turnout 29,519 68.8 +4.9
National Liberal hold Swing −14.6

Elections in the 1950s

[edit]
General election 1950: Harwich
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Liberal Stanley Holmes 22,814 50.6 −5.1
Labour Morris Janis 16,756 37.1 −7.2
Liberal Leonard Train 5,536 12.3 New
Majority 6,058 13.5 +2.1
Turnout 45,106 81.9 +13.1
National Liberal hold Swing
General election 1951: Harwich[55]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Liberal Stanley Holmes 26,169 58.9 +8.3
Labour Morris Janis 18,244 41.1 +4.0
Majority 7,925 17.8 +4.3
Turnout 44,413 78.8 −3.1
National Liberal hold Swing
1954 Harwich by-election[56]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Liberal Julian Ridsdale 19,532 59.1 +0.2
Labour Shirley Catlin 13,535 40.9 −0.2
Majority 5,997 18.2 +0.4
Turnout 33,067
National Liberal hold Swing
General election 1955: Harwich[57]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Liberal Julian Ridsdale 23,889 56.4 −2.5
Labour Shirley Catlin 14,425 34.1 −7.0
Liberal Wolf Isaac Akst 4,010 9.5 New
Majority 9,464 22.3 +3.5
Turnout 42,234 75.6 −3.2
National Liberal hold Swing
General election 1959: Harwich[58]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Liberal Julian Ridsdale 23,653 53.2 −3.2
Labour William Robinson 11,588 26.0 −7.1
Liberal Thomas E Dale 5,507 12.4 +2.9
Independent Leonard F Rose 3,744 8.4 New
Majority 12,065 27.2 +4.9
Turnout 44,492 76.4 +0.8
National Liberal hold Swing

Elections in the 1960s

[edit]
General election 1964: Harwich[59]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Liberal Julian Ridsdale 25,102 50.4 −2.8
Labour David Winnick 14,877 29.9 +3.9
Liberal Thomas E Dale 9,824 19.7 +7.3
Majority 10,225 20.5 −6.7
Turnout 49,803 75.1 −1.3
National Liberal hold Swing
General election 1966: Harwich[60]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Liberal Julian Ridsdale 24,975 47.6 −2.8
Labour Stephen R Hatch 18,335 34.9 +5.0
Liberal Thomas E Dale 9,219 17.6 −2.1
Majority 6,640 12.7 −7.8
Turnout 52,529 74.4 −0.7
National Liberal hold Swing −3.9

Elections in the 1970s

[edit]
General election 1970: Harwich[61]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Julian Ridsdale 32,754 53.5 +5.9
Labour Andrew Phillips 19,923 32.6 −2.3
Liberal Thomas E Dale 8,519 13.9 −3.7
Majority 12,831 20.9 +8.2
Turnout 61,196 74.5 +0.1
Conservative hold Swing +4.0
General election February 1974: Harwich[62]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Julian Ridsdale 32,452 45.6 −7.9
Liberal D Cadman 19,989 28.1 +14.2
Labour JB Fryer 18,697 26.3 −6.3
Majority 12,463 17.5 −3.4
Turnout 71,138 80.7 +6.2
Conservative hold Swing −11.1
General election October 1974: Harwich[63]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Julian Ridsdale 29,963 46.7 +1.1
Labour JB Fryer 19,135 29.8 +3.5
Liberal Thomas Kellock 15,048 23.5 −4.6
Majority 10,828 16.9 −0.6
Turnout 64,146 72.3 −8.4
Conservative hold Swing −1.2
General election 1979: Harwich[64]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Julian Ridsdale 37,685 54.3 +7.6
Labour CW Brooks 16,998 24.5 −5.3
Liberal Robert Goodenough 14,094 20.3 −3.2
National Front A Pearson 597 0.9 New
Majority 20,687 29.8 +12.9
Turnout 69,374 74.7 +2.4
Conservative hold Swing +6.5

Elections in the 1980s

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General election 1983: Harwich[65]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Julian Ridsdale 27,422 54.1 −0.2
Liberal Robert Goodenough 14,920 29.5 +9.2
Labour Ralph Knight 8,302 16.4 −8.1
Majority 12,502 24.6 −5.2
Turnout 50,644 70.2 −4.5
Conservative hold Swing −4.7
General election 1987: Harwich[66]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Julian Ridsdale 29,344 51.8 −2.7
Liberal Liz Lynne 17,262 30.4 +0.9
Labour Ralph Knight 9,920 17.5 +1.1
Independent Christopher Humphrey 161 0.3 New
Majority 12,082 21.4 −3.2
Turnout 56,687 73.5 +3.3
Conservative hold Swing −1.9

Elections in the 1990s

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General election 1992: Harwich[67][68]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Iain Sproat 32,369 51.9 +0.1
Liberal Democrats Pauline A. Bevan 15,210 24.4 −6.0
Labour Ralph Knight 14,511 23.3 +5.8
Natural Law Eileen P. McGrath 279 0.4 New
Majority 17,159 27.5 +6.1
Turnout 62,369 77.7 +4.2
Conservative hold Swing +3.1
General election 1997: Harwich[69]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ivan Henderson 20,740 38.8 +14.1
Conservative Iain Sproat 19,524 36.5 −15.2
Liberal Democrats Ann M. Elvin 7,037 13.1 −10.0
Referendum Jeffrey Titford 4,923 9.2 New
Independent Ralph Knight 1,290 2.4 New
Majority 1,216 2.3 N/A
Turnout 53,514 70.5 −3.3
Labour gain from Conservative Swing −14.7

This was the Referendum Party's best result in the election.

Elections in the 2000s

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General election 2001: Harwich[70]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ivan Henderson 21,951 45.6 Increase 6.8
Conservative Iain Sproat 19,355 40.2 Increase 3.7
Liberal Democrats Peter Wilcock 4,099 8.5 Decrease 4.6
UKIP Tony Finnegan-Butler 2,463 5.1 New
Independent Clive Lawrance 247 0.5 New
Majority 2,596 5.4 Increase 3.1
Turnout 48,115 62.1 Decrease 8.4
Labour hold Swing Increase 5.3
General election 2005: Harwich[71]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Douglas Carswell 21,235 42.1 Increase 1.9
Labour Ivan Henderson 20,315 40.3 Decrease 5.3
Liberal Democrats Keith Tully 5,913 11.7 Increase 3.2
UKIP Jeffrey Titford 2,314 4.6 Decrease 0.5
Respect John Tipple 477 0.9 New
Independent Christopher Humphrey 154 0.3 New
Majority 920 1.8 N/A
Turnout 50,408 62.6 Increase 0.5
Conservative gain from Labour Swing Decrease 3.6

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Harwich | History of Parliament Online". www.histparl.ac.uk. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
  2. ^ "Representation of the People Act 1867" (PDF). Schedule A.
  3. ^ a b Great Britain, Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales. The public general acts. unknown library. Proprietors of the Law Journal Reports, 1884.
  4. ^ Pages 358 to 389, Lewis Namier, The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition – London: St Martin's Press, 1957)
  5. ^ a b Craig, Fred W. S. (1972). Boundaries of parliamentary constituencies 1885-1972;. Chichester: Political Reference Publications. ISBN 0900178094. OCLC 539011.
  6. ^ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1970". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
  7. ^ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1983". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
  8. ^ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
  9. ^ a b c Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "H" (part 1)
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51°52′N 1°14′E / 51.86°N 1.24°E / 51.86; 1.24

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