Spizella

Spizella
	Field sparrow; Spizella pusilla
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Passerellidae
Genus:	Spizella; Bonaparte, 1832
Type species
	Fringilla pusilla; A. Wilson, 1810
Species
	See text

The genus Spizella is a group of American sparrows in the family Passerellidae.^[2]

These birds are fairly small and slim, with short bills, round heads and long wings. They are usually found in semi-open areas, and outside of the nesting season they often forage in small mixed flocks.^[2]

Systematics

This genus was formerly placed with the Old World buntings in the family Emberizidae.^[2] However, genetic studies revealed that New World sparrows formed a distinct clade and thus it was placed in the resurrected family Passerellidae.^[3]^[4]

Species

Chipping sparrow, Spizella passerina
Clay-colored sparrow, Spizella pallida
Brewer's sparrow, Spizella breweri
- Timberline sparrow, Spizella breweri taverneri
Field sparrow, Spizella pusilla
Worthen's sparrow, Spizella wortheni
Black-chinned sparrow, Spizella atrogularis

The American tree sparrow, Spizelloides arborea, was formerly a member of this group, but is now placed in its own monotypic genus Spizelloides.^[2]

References

^ "Passerellidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Slager, David L.; Klicka, John (2014). "A new genus for the American Tree Sparrow (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae)". Zootaxa. 3821 (3): 398–400. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3821.3.9. PMID 24989754. S2CID 34796887.
^ Barker, F.K.; Burns, K.J.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2013). "Going to extremes: contrasting rates of diversification in a recent radiation of New World passerine birds". Systematic Biology. 62 (2): 298–320. doi:10.1093/sysbio/sys094. PMID 23229025.
^ Barker, F.K.; Burns, K.J.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2015). "New insights into New World biogeography: An integrated view from the phylogeny of blackbirds, cardinals, sparrows, tanagers, warblers, and allies". Auk. 132 (2): 333–346. doi:10.1642/AUK-14-110.1.

[HM4-1] "Passerellidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-16.

[New-2] Slager, David L.; Klicka, John (2014). "A new genus for the American Tree Sparrow (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae)". Zootaxa. 3821 (3): 398–400. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3821.3.9. PMID 24989754. S2CID 34796887.

[3] Barker, F.K.; Burns, K.J.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2013). "Going to extremes: contrasting rates of diversification in a recent radiation of New World passerine birds". Systematic Biology. 62 (2): 298–320. doi:10.1093/sysbio/sys094. PMID 23229025.

[4] Barker, F.K.; Burns, K.J.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2015). "New insights into New World biogeography: An integrated view from the phylogeny of blackbirds, cardinals, sparrows, tanagers, warblers, and allies". Auk. 132 (2): 333–346. doi:10.1642/AUK-14-110.1.

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