Pierre Chambon
Pierre Chambon | |
|---|---|
| Born | 7 February 1931 |
| Nationality | French |
| Known for | nuclear hormone receptors |
| Awards | Richard Lounsbery Award (1982) Harvey Prize (1987) Sir Hans Krebs Medal (1990) Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine (1991)[1] Welch Award in Chemistry (1998) Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize (1999) Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (2004) Alfred P. Sloan, Jr. Prize (2003) Gairdner Foundation International Award (2010) Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize (2018) |
| Scientific career | |
| Institutions | Institute for Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology |
Pierre Chambon (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ ʃɑ̃bɔ̃]; born 7 February 1931 in Mulhouse, France) was the founder of the Institute for Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology in Strasbourg, France.[2] He was one of the leading molecular biologists who utilized gene cloning and sequencing technology to first decipher the structure of eukaryotic genes and their modes of regulation. His major contributions to science include the identification of RNA polymerase II (B)[nb 1], the identification of transcriptional control elements, the cloning and dissection of nuclear hormone receptors, revealing their structure and showing how they contribute to human physiology. His group was also one of the first to demonstrate, biochemically and electron-microscopically, that the nucleosome is the smallest unit of chromatin (Cell, Vol. 4, 281–300, 1975). He accomplished much of his work in the 1970s – 1990s.
Chambon was elected a Foreign Associate of the US National Academy of Sciences and to the French Académie des Sciences in 1985, a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1987.[3] He was awarded the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University in 1999 and a second time in 2018. In 2003 he was awarded the March of Dimes Prize in Developmental Biology. He received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 2004 for his work in the field. In 2010, Chambon was awarded the Gairdner Foundation International Award "for the elucidation of fundamental mechanisms of transcription in animal cells and to the discovery of the nuclear receptor superfamily".[4] In 2018 he received the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize for a second time.[5]
Notes
[edit]- ^ Chambon named his three polymerases A, B, C. The now-more-common designations I, II, III were the nomenclature used by Robert G. Roeder and William J. Rutter.
References
[edit]- ^ "Professor Pierre CHAMBON | Jeantet". 2017-10-01. Retrieved 2023-08-11.
- ^ "Pierre Chambon - USIAS - University of Strasbourg". www.usias.fr (in French). Retrieved 2018-04-30.
- ^ "Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien". 2017-11-10. Archived from the original on 2017-11-10. Retrieved 2023-08-11.
- ^ Pierre Chambon, M.D. - The Gairdner Foundation Archived June 11, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize". Columbia University Irving Medical Center. 2022-11-11. Retrieved 2023-08-11.
External links
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- Living people
- 1931 births
- Academic staff of the Collège de France
- Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
- Members of the French Academy of Sciences
- Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
- French molecular biologists
- French geneticists
- French endocrinologists
- French people of Jewish descent
- Scientists from Mulhouse
- University of Strasbourg alumni
- Recipients of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research
- Fellows of the AACR Academy
- Commanders of the Legion of Honour
- Grand Officers of the Ordre national du Mérite
- Richard-Lounsbery Award laureates
- French medical biography stubs
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